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Species Information
Summary:
Not available
Fruiting body: up to 8cm high, club-shaped; black or brownish black, spore-bearing upper part 0.2-0.5cm wide, lanceolate, compressed, rather acute, one half the length of the fruiting body or less, (Seaver), up to 7cm high, variable in size, club-shaped, spore-bearing upper part 0.1-0.5cm wide, 1/3 or 1/2 the length, somewhat compressed, dark brown to black, (Mains)
Stem: 0.1-0.2cm thick, slender, round in cross-section, furfuraceous, minutely squamulose [finely scaly], or almost smooth, (Seaver), 0.05-0.2cm wide, slender, round in cross-section; wood brown to black; sometimes somewhat viscid, bald, minutely pubescent, furfuraceous or squamulose, according to whether paraphyses are appressed, scattered or adhering together in small plates, (Mains)
Microscopic: spores 54-85 x 6 microns, 7-septate, clavate, fuliginous, in a parallel fascicle in the ascus; asci 8-spored, up to 150-175 microns long and 18 microns wide, clavate or clavate-lanceolate, apex narrowed but rounded; "paraphyses rather longer than the asci, cylindric, septate, the cells 2-10 times as long as wide, not constricted, rarely slightly swollen below septa, pale-brown above, either only slightly thickened, or the apex of the terminal cell pyriform", usually more or less curved, (Seaver), spores (40)60-78(90) x 4.5-6.5 microns, often variable in spore length, straight or somewhat curved, dark brown; asci mostly 8-spored, rarely less (except in variety heterosporum in which 8-spored asci are most common but 4-spored asci occur in the same hymenium, sometimes other numbers of spores per ascus); asci 125-180 x 16-20 microns, clavate; paraphyses colorless to brown, longer than asci, "straight or strongly curved above, cylindric, not or slightly enlarged at apex, the terminal cell cylindric, narrowly obovoid or clavate", in var. heterosporum spores (30)42-63(80) x 5-6 microns, (Mains)
Habitat / Range
usually single, on wet ground, banks or among leaves on rich humus, rarely on rotten ground, (Seaver), scattered or in small groups, type variety very variable in habitats, occurring among sphagnum and other mosses, on soil in well drained areas and on wet soil by streams and in bogs, var. heterosporum on conifer log, (Mains)
Similar Species
Geoglossum simile (of eastern North America) and G. glabrum, "differ in having paraphyses that are closely septate above with the cells variously enlarged and more or less constricted at the septa", (Mains). Geoglossum fallax is brown, rarely black, and has different paraphyses. Glutinoglossum glutinosum is viscid-gelatinous. Trichoglossum hirsutum and Trichoglossum velutipes are hirsute from setae.
